The physics of stocks and flows of energy systems (Applications in Energy Policy)
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Assessment of post interventional hepatocellular carcinoma using morphological and functional MRI data
The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of dynamic contrast enhanced and diffusion weighted (DW) MRI in the assessment of response to treatment and detection of residual tumour viability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We utilize pre contrast T1, T2, T2 SPAIR, DWI and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI with post processing subtracted images and color mapping, applied for 50 patients with HCC (25 post-RFA and 25 post-TACE). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy for both the dynamic and DWIs in post-RFA & post-TACE patients were calculated. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were also measured. Our results showed that dynamic contrast enhanced MRI are better than DWI in evaluating HCC response to locoregional therapy. Dynamic study with complementary DWI and ADC measurements provide better tissue characterization and help in effective monitoring of tumor response to locoregional therapy.
Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, MRI, ablation, chemoembolization, residual, dynamic, subtraction, diffusion, ADC
Ahmed M. Magdy, Mohamed A.E. Mahmoud, Mohamed A.M. Saad, Ashraf T. Youssef. Assessment of post interventional hepatocellular carcinoma using morphological and functional MRI data. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 2(3)2016, 7-17.
Holland’s theory: A comprehensive overview
This paper will discuss Holland’s Theory and the details that make up the RIASEC model. The author will discuss the typology that includes six personality types, six corresponding occupational environments, and their interactions that are offered as a tool for understanding work histories, vocational satisfaction, achievement, and vocational interest. The paper will also cover evidence based research that supports Holland’s theory. Readers will be able to understand the RIASEC model, and what assessments are based from the model.
Keywords: Holland’s Theory, RIASEC, achievement, vocational interest
Janeesha Pleasant. Holland’s theory: A comprehensive overview. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 2(3)2016, 18-28.
Volatilization mercury (II) into mercury (0) using crude enzyme produced by a mercury-resistant Azotobacteria
Mercury was poisonous and hazardous heavy metal, even one genus bacteria of Azotobacter was able to grow in a mercury contaminated habitat. This research aim was to select potential mercury resistant Azotobacter which was able to produce an extracellular mercury reductase for reducing toxic ion Hg2+ into a volatile less toxic ion Hg0. The isolates were A1a, A5 and A9 from an urban farming soil in ITS. Their viability under mercury stress was tested individually in an Azotobacter-selective agar each containing 0.1; and 5 mg/L HgCl2. The 24-hours bacterial growth was spectrophotometrically determined at λ600 nm each hour. The crude extracellular mercury reductase produced under 5mg/L dan 10mg/L HgCl2 stress was then extracted followed general method. The enzyme activity was spectrophotometrically measured at 340 nm to detect soluble oxidized NADH in a defined medium for a mercury reductase assay after 12 hours incubation. The viability test showed that those 3 isolates had a similar growth curve pattern; all of them were growing under 0.1; and 5 mg/L HgCl2, even after 12 hours incubation time they were start dying. Anyhow isolate A1a was the slowest growing Azotobacter under particular mercury stress. Enzyme activity tended to decrease over time; isolates A5 and A9 showed a greater enzyme activity than isolate A1a. Under 5mg/L HgCl2 stress, after 30, 60 and 120 minutes, isolate A5 and A9 produced 2.50U, 1.15U and 0.60U enzyme respectively, while under 10mg/L HgCl2 they were 2.70U, 1.44U and 0.7U.
Keywords: Azotobacter, HgCl2, mercuric reductase, reduction
Enny Zulaika, Anjar Lulu Sakinah, Kusnul Khotimah, Nengah Dwianita Kuswytasari, Nurhidayatul Alami, Nita Citrasari, Langkah Sembiring, Maya Shovitri. Volatilization mercury (II) into mercury (0) using crude enzyme produced by a mercury-resistant Azotobacteria. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 2(3)2016, 29-36.
The family, culture and sustainable development
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The family has been the basic unit of change in every culture. Unfortunately, the concept of sustainable development has failed to focus the family. It is within families that sustainable lifestyles, decisions and change that can positively impact future generations are encouraged or undermined. In addition, global sustainable development can only be achieved if families as basic unit of human societies achieve sustainability in all areas. It is from the base of a sustainable family that individuals are best able to contribute positively to society as a whole. Families operate within the dictates of culture; as such culture has an important role in families’ decision making, consumption, relationship patterns, and conflict resolution; and in creating sustainable families. The family is also identified in a cultural context; culture defines roles and rules of conduct of family members; while families are also assessed by standards inherent in the culture. This paper therefore argues that making our homes and families more sustainable within the dictates of our culture is the panacea for global sustainable development.
Keywords: sustainable, culture, family, development, lifestyles, future, human
Ekot O. Mildred. The family, culture and sustainable development. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 2(3)2016, 37-45.