Algorithm Theory-SWAT
2014 14th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops, SWAT 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark, July 2-4, 2014. Proceedings
PDF Book Review
Communication issues in the movie “High School High”
This paper will explore the movie “High School High” (1996) written by David Zucker and Robert LoCash, and the communication aspects found within the movie. Individuals, especially those teaching in a diverse community, may carry their own biases and beliefs of different cultures into the classroom. As a result, the way they approach their relationships and teaching may not reach all of their students. There are three main areas of communication that will be covered in depth. These three will be communication and culture, listening skills, and nonverbal communication. All too often, there will be students that are misunderstood and go unnoticed in schools. They are overlooked for various reasons, and one of the main reasons is the teacher’s ability or inability to listen, and to communicate. One of the most important aspects of communication and one reason that students and people are misunderstood is because of nonverbal communication. People can tell how you are doing by the way you are standing, your body posture, or by facial expressions. There are many different aspects to effective communication, and these are just three areas that are important and are prevalent in the movie “High School High” and which will be examined and explored here.
Keywords: High School High, communication, issues
Travis Mahan. Communication issues in the movie “High School High”. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 7-11.
The “Drop of Honey Effect” metaphor in chaos theory
Chaos theory resulted in great part from natural scientists’ outcomes in non-linear dynamics area. The prominence of associated models has increased in the last decades, due the non-linear systems temporal evolution study. Consequently, chaos is one of the concepts that most quickly have been expanded in what research topics concerns. In case of unstable relationships in non-linear systems, chaos theory aims to understand and explain this kind of unpredictable aspects of nature, social life, the uncertainties, the nonlinearities, the disorders and confusions. Scientifically it represents a disarray connection, but basically it involves much more. The close association between change and time seems essential to understand what happens in the fundamentals of chaos theory. This theory got a central role in the explanation of a lot of phenomena. The relevance of these theories has been well recognized in the clarification of social phenomena and has permitted new advances in the study of social systems. Chaos theory has also been applied, particularly in the context of politics, in this area. This work goal is to make a reflection on chaos theory – and also on dynamical systems and theory of complexity – in terms of the understanding of political issues, considering some events in the political context and also considering the macro-strategic ideas of states positioning in the international stage. In this line of reasoning the "Drop of Honey Effect" metaphor is presented, somewhat analogous to that of "Butterfly Effect", and the idea that it is better suited to portray social phenomena, in particular political phenomena, is defended.
Keywords: Chaos Theory, Politics, “Butterfly Effect”, “Drop of Honey Effect”
Manuel Alberto M. Ferreira, José António Filipe. The “Drop of Honey Effect” metaphor in chaos theory. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 27-42.
The “Drop of Honey Effect” metaphor in chaos theory
Chaos theory resulted in great part from natural scientists’ outcomes in non-linear dynamics area. The prominence of associated models has increased in the last decades, due the non-linear systems temporal evolution study. Consequently, chaos is one of the concepts that most quickly have been expanded in what research topics concerns. In case of unstable relationships in non-linear systems, chaos theory aims to understand and explain this kind of unpredictable aspects of nature, social life, the uncertainties, the nonlinearities, the disorders and confusions. Scientifically it represents a disarray connection, but basically it involves much more. The close association between change and time seems essential to understand what happens in the fundamentals of chaos theory. This theory got a central role in the explanation of a lot of phenomena. The relevance of these theories has been well recognized in the clarification of social phenomena and has permitted new advances in the study of social systems. Chaos theory has also been applied, particularly in the context of politics, in this area. This work goal is to make a reflection on chaos theory – and also on dynamical systems and theory of complexity – in terms of the understanding of political issues, considering some events in the political context and also considering the macro-strategic ideas of states positioning in the international stage. In this line of reasoning the "Drop of Honey Effect" metaphor is presented, somewhat analogous to that of "Butterfly Effect", and the idea that it is better suited to portray social phenomena, in particular political phenomena, is defended.
Keywords: Chaos Theory, Politics, “Butterfly Effect”, “Drop of Honey Effect”
Manuel Alberto M. Ferreira, José António Filipe. The “Drop of Honey Effect” metaphor in chaos theory. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 27-42.
Analysis of the levels of doing sport and aggression in high school students
The objective of this study is to examine the aggression levels of high school students who do and who do not do sports and to examine the effects of sport on aggression levels. In this study, survey method was used to measure the aggression levels. Aggression inventory, which was developed by Kiper and which had 30 items, was used to measure aggression. 78 male students studying in a high school of Samsun were included in the study. 43 of these students were licensed athletes, while 35 did not do sports. As for statistical methods, descriptive statistics and independent t test were used, following normality tests. The data obtained were recorded in SPSS 20 program and significance level was accepted as p<0.05. When the destructive aggression, passive aggression and assertiveness levels of volleyball players and wrestlers were compared, no statistically significant difference was found (p>0.05). When athlete and non-athletes groups were compared, statistically significant difference was found (p<0.05). As a result, significant differences were found in destructive aggression, passive aggression and assertiveness of athletes when compared with non-athletes.
Keywords: Chaos Theory, Politics, “Butterfly Effect”, “Drop of Honey Effect”
Hakan Acar, Erkut Tutkun, Özgür Devrim Yıldırım, Mustafa Ertuğrul Çıplak. Analysis of the levels of doing sport and aggression in high school students. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 43-48.
The effect of creatine usage on young soccer players’ body composition and agility
This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of creatine usage on young athletes’ body composition and agility. 20 male soccer players with average age of 16,30±,73 participated in the study. Before starting the tests, the body weights and body compositions of the soccer players were tested with the TANITA BC-418 device. Among the obtained data, body mass index (BMI), body fat ratio, fat weight, lean body weight and total body fluid amount are available. Then, with the Illinois test, agility measurements were tested twice, right and left, according to the participant's priority preference at each time. Between the two tests a participant was expected to reach the number of resting heart beats. Participants continued their training using 0.3 g of creatine monohydrate per kg for 5 days, taking 0.3 g of dry milk per kg for 5 days, without taking any food supplements. Body composition and Illinois agility test times were examined after participants' dry milk and creatine loading. Although there was an increase in body weight, body fat percentage and total body fluid after creatine loading, no statistical significance was found (p> 0.05). Significant differences were found statistically between the first measurement (20,99) and the measurements made after creatine loading (21,77) in body mass index matching (p <0.05). Especially with the effect of tests done after creatine loading, positive significant differences were found between Illinois test times (p<0.05).
Keywords: Sport, Young Soccer Players’, Creatine, Agility
Osman Ates, Ozlem Kirandi. The effect of creatine usage on young soccer players’ body composition and agility. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 49-57.
The importance of social and emotional skills
This paper investigates the need for social and emotional skills to become embedded within the daily curriculum. It examines programs that are currently being used globally, and their effectiveness in addressing social and emotional deficits within school age children. Results of the evaluated studies promote the implementation of social and emotional skills. The success found with the integration of SEL skills within the daily curriculum, promotes the preparation of children for postsecondary education, careers, and productive citizenship. The findings of the evaluated programs lead into a discussion revolving around the creation of social and emotional standards, training of teachers on social and emotional standards, and buy-in from all stakeholders, as the necessity for successful implementation of social and emotional skills.
Keywords: Social, Emotional Skills, SEL, education
Tiara N. Dominguez. The importance of social and emotional skills. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 58-74.
Destructive leadership in football: how to players perceive their coaches dark side?
Aim of this study was to investigate how to football players evaluate their coaches destructive leadership actions in relation with players characteristics. All male four hundred and sixteen football players participated and accepted to answer the Destructive Leadership Scale (DLS) (Uymaz, 2013) with a personal information form to get the demographic data. The participants consisted from all senior Turkish leagues including the Super League (n=63), League 1 (n=84), League 2 (n=135) and League 3 (n=134), the mean age was 25.27 (SD=4.31). The players’ position in the team were 44 goalkeepers, 134 defensive players, 179 middle field players and 59 offensive players. The six subscale of the DLS compared by league status, age group of players, educational status, working duration (in months) with the current coach, number of worked coaches during the career and the possibility of being in the first 11 players in last 3 months’ matches by ANOVA statistics. Before the statistical analyses, reliability coefficients of the DLS checked and there were satisfactory results. There was significant difference on the all six subscales (Excessive authority use, Lack of Leadership Competency, Lack of interest to subordinates, Resistence to technology and change, Unethical behavior and nepotism) comparing with the League Status variable. There was a bipolar distribution where Super League players and League 3 players’ subscale scores were mostly higher than League 1 and League 2 players. This result was interpreted as Super League and League 3 players mostly perceive their coaches more destructive than other leagues. Also the players who worked 0-2 years range with their coaches, percieved their coaches more nepotist and in lack of interest with their subordinates than the players who has 3-5 years of working years with their coaches.
Keywords: Destructive Leadership, Football Coaches, Leadership, Player-Coach Interaction
Erdem, Kamil, Karagozoglu, Cengiz. Destructive leadership in football: how to players perceive their coaches dark side?. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 75-85.
The investigation of the depression levels of siblings of children with autism
Individuals with disabled siblings feel differentiated when compared to other families and their own families, and may suppress feelings and thoughts that they can not express. Focusing on their parents to their disabled siblings makes them feel lonely. This situation can cause depression in individuals who have complex feelings and thoughts due to sibling differences. A total of 50 individuals, 29 females and 21 males, voluntarily participated in this research, with at least one autistic sibling who has been living in Istanbul and with whom these siblings have been specially trained. A questionnaire form was used to determine the personal information and socio-demographic characteristics of the individuals with autistic siblings and "Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)" used to determine depression levels of individuals with autistic siblings was administered by face-to-face interview method. The frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation of the obtained data from demographic characteristics and Beck Depression Inventory were determined in SPSS 22 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program. The data were tested at a significance level of 0,05. According to Beck depression scale results; gender, age group, educational level, occupation, number of siblings, number of autistic siblings, age group of autistic sibling, gender of autistic sibling; there was no statistically significant difference according to the variables (p>0,05). Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference was found in the depression levels according to the monthly income variable of the participants (p<0,05). When our study findings are interpreted with literature, it is predicted that the sources obtained by determining the levels of stress and depression experienced by the autistic siblings have a limited number and more definite results can be obtained by providing more research on the subject.
Keywords: Familes, Children, Autism, Depression
Muhammet Eyup Uzuner, Sercan Kose, Mensure Aydin, Senol Yanar, Betul Ates. The investigation of the depression levels of siblings of children with autism. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 86-96.
Organizational support perception and organizational trust relationship in sports workers
The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between organizational support perception and organizational trust sensation in sports workers. The research also examined whether there are significant differences in the perception of organizational support and organizational trust among sports workers in terms of gender, age groups, service years, employee status and education levels. This research was conducted in the relational screening model and a total of 218 sports worker (age mean = 32,81 ± 9,56, the average age of service = 10,33± 8,17) were selected by random sampling among employees who actively engaged in research, sports organizations and sports clubs participated voluntarily. In the research, as data collection tool, for sports workers’ organizational support perception, Organizational Support Scale developed which was developed by Giray, M.D., and Sahin, N.D. (2012); for organization trust sensation “Organizational Trust Scale” developed by Nyhan and Marlowe (1997); and Personal Information Form composed of 10 questions were used. According to the results of the research; positive correlations were found between sports workers' perception of organizational support, organizational trust, and service years. In addition, while there was no significant difference in the perceived organizational trust and organizational support among the sports workers (p> 0,05) and there were significant differences in terms of age groups, service year groups, employee status, general job satisfaction and general life satisfaction (p <0,05).
Keywords: Organization, Organizational Support, Organizational Trust, Sports Workers
Yusuf Can, Feyzullah Koca, Ozlem Kirandi, Senol Yanar, Mehmet Bayansalduz. Organizational support perception and organizational trust relationship in sports workers. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 97-105.
Selection of plants based on net carbon dioxide absorption for the coastal green open space
The specific purpose of this study is to select coastal plant based on net carbon dioxide absorption. The coastal plants are Acacia sp, Pandanus tectonius, Swettiana mahagoni and Samaena saman (Jacq Merr). The value of carbon dioxide absorption rate is determined in one room of plant testing house. The results showed that P. tectonius has the highest CO2 absorption rate compared to the other ones. Therefore, it is worth to select the plant for the application of coastal green open space.
Keywords: Plants selection, carbon dioxide, absorption
Husni Kotta, Yetrie Ludang. Selection of plants based on net carbon dioxide absorption for the coastal green open space. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 106-109.
Investigation of the relationship between job satisfaction and career satisfaction and work-life balance in sports managers’
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and career satisfaction and work-life balance in sports managers. In the study, it has also been analyzed if there is any significant difference in the sports managers’ job satisfaction, career satisfaction and work-life balance levels in terms of gender, age, duty status, year of service and level of education. 322 sports managers, who work at Department of Sports Service’s Central and Field Organization at least as a chief in the manager position, have been chosen with random sampling method and they have voluntarily participated in the study.
In the study, Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, developed by Weis et. all. (1967) and adapted Turkish version by Baycan (1985), and career satisfaction scale, developed by Vatansever (2008), and work-life balance scales, developed by Apaydin (2011), have been used as data collection tools.
The survey form used as a data collection tool in the study included a personal information form consisting of 5 questions, questioning the gender, age, duty status, years of service and level of education. In the study, Pearson Correlation Analysis has been used for defining sports managers’ job satisfaction and career satisfaction’s correlation with work-life balance; T-test for binary grouping and Anova Analysis have been used for more than binary groups in order to determine if there is any significant difference in sports managers’ job satisfaction, career satisfaction and work-life balance levels in terms of the participants’ duty status, year of service and level of education.
According to the research results, it has been found that there is a positive correlation between sports managers’ job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and work-life balance levels. Also, the results show that there is a significant difference in the level of job satisfaction, career satisfaction, and work-life balance in terms of duty status, year of service, and level of education; however, the results reveal that there is no significant difference in terms of age groups and gender.
Keywords: Sports Manager, Job Satisfaction, Career Satisfaction, Work-Life Balance
Mehmet Bayansalduz, Senol Yanar, Yusuf Can. Investigation of the relationship between job satisfaction and career satisfaction and work-life balance in sports managers’. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 110-118.
Investigation of relationship between organizational support perception and organizational commitment and career satisfaction in sports managers
The aim of this study is to analyze sports managers’ organizational support perception, organizational commitment sensation’s correlation with career satisfaction. In the study, it has also been analyzed if there is any significant difference in the sports managers’ organizational support perception, organizational commitment sensation, and career satisfaction levels in terms of gender, age, duty status, year of service and level of education.
In the study, 186 sports managers, who work at Department of Sports Service’s Central and Field Organization at least as a chief in the manager position, have been chosen with random sampling method and they have voluntarily participated in the study.
In the study, the organizational support perception scale Developed by Eisenberger et al. (1986) and adapted to Turkish version by Giray, M.D. and Sahin, N.D. (2012), Organizational Commitment Scale developed by Meyer and Allen (1991) and adapted to Turkish by Wasti (2000), career satisfaction scales developed by Vatansever (2008) have been used as a data collection tool. The survey form used as a data collection tool in the survey included a personal information form consisting of 5 questions, questioning the gender, age, duty status, years of service and level of education.
In the study, Pearson Correlation Analysis has been used for defining sports managers’ organizational support perception, correlation of organizational commitment sensation with career satisfaction; T-test for binary grouping and Anova Analysis have been used for more than binary groups in order to determine if there is any significant difference in sports managers’ organizational support perception, organizational commitment sensation, and career satisfaction levels in terms of the participants’ duty status, year of service and level of education.
According to the research results, it has been found that there is a positive correlation between sports managers’ organizational support perception, organizational commitment sensation, and career satisfaction levels. Also, the results show that there is a significant difference in the level of organizational support prediction, organizational commitment sensation in terms of duty status, year of service, and level of education; however, the results reveal that there is no significant difference in terms of age groups and gender.
Keywords: Sports Manager, Organizational Support Perception, Organizational Commitment, Career Satisfaction
Yusuf Can, Mehmet Bayansalduz. Investigation of relationship between organizational support perception and organizational commitment and career satisfaction in sports managers. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 119-127.
Physical development and specific workability of professional basketball team over large period of time
The purpose of the present study is to optimize the training process of professional basketball players. The optimization to be done based on the physical development and the specific workability. Object of study are the indicators of physical development, specific physical, technical and tactical indicators of sport performance. The participants of the present study are 18 professional male basketball players playing as cadets in a Turkish professional basketball club. We have applied a complex test battery which examines general and specific physical skills. The test battery consists of 7 tests for specific physical workability and 5 tests for technical and tactical skills. The assessment data is compared with previously not published results from the estimation of the specific workability and on the same team with some changes in terms of players since then. The previous assessment has been conducted 2 years prior to the present study. In conclusion, we found that the selection of the team members has been done properly considering the requirements of the game. Although professional athletes, some of the participants of the study could be considered as overweight according to the standards. This requires some modulations on the dietary of the players. The values of most of the indicators of the physical workability and the specific technical and tactical skills remain without a significant change in comparison with the results estimated 2 years ago. The results of the study show that most of the examined sport specific skills remain relatively steady which should be positively valued because the training staff manages to maintain the level of sport performance for the last two years.
Keywords: Basketball, Professional Sport, Optimization of Sport Performance, Physical Development, Specific Workability
Şenol Yanar. Physical development and specific workability of professional basketball team over large period of time. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 128-136.
Sensory perception deficits in school age children
The ability to receive, process, interpret, then react to stimuli is the primary function of the sensory perception system; a component of the individual’s neurological system. Deficits in a student’s sensory perception system affect his or her ability to function in numerous environments, including school. The literature reviewed in this paper will explore the sensory perception concept as it applies to school age children. Auditory and visual perceptions are known and understood by many professional school staff. Therefore, knowledge regarding the other senses will be explored at more length in this paper. Limited interventions for students with sensory perception deficits and sensory processing disorders will be suggested, but need to be customized to the educational needs of the child.
Keywords: environment, stimuli, senses, sensory perception, interventions, sensory processing disorder
Christine K. McFall. Sensory perception deficits in school age children. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 137-146.
Heavy metal exposure in children
Heavy metals have been ubiquitous in our lives in many ways and for different purposes for centuries. Heavy metals cause health effects not only in adults but also in children. Therefore, it is aimed to give information about the interaction of heavy metals to children and nursing approach in the study which is planned as a review by conducting literature search.
Keywords: Heavy Metals, Children, Health, Disease
Huriye Demet Cabar, Sena Oruc, Elif Gumus. Heavy metal exposure in children. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 147-153.
The importance of social skills in preschool
During student’s ‘early childhood’ years, it is critical to teach them the appropriate social and emotional skills they will need to become successful students, learners, and adults in the future. Teaching these skills early provides students a structured base in which their other skills will be built upon. During these early years, children begin developing their social-emotional skills along with many other foundational skills. The social-emotional skills they develop will help their mental health and well-being in the future. Saltali and Deniz (2010), state, "Emotional skills are integral part of mental functions and inseparable part of daily life" (Introduction, paragraph 3). Research has shown a correlation between students who develop social skills and academic success as well as students who lack social skills tend to perform poorly academically. This paper discusses which basic social skills educators should teach, effective teaching strategies, importance of social skills, and the impact these skills will have on our students’ now and in the future.
Keywords: social-emotional, skills, preschool
Lindsey Blackwood. The importance of social skills in preschool. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 154-165.
The effect of nutrition on sleep qualıty in junior female (aged 15-17) wrestlers
The success of the athlete is based on the achievement of the highest performance in sports. Due to the complex nature of sportive performance, the number of factors that affect performance is quite large. Two of these factors are nutrition and sleep patterns and quality. It is very important for children and young people who are doing sports to have good nutrition and good sleep qualities in order to increase their sporty performance. For this reason, in this research, it was aimed to determine the effect of nutrition on sleep quality in junior female wrestlers who are engaged in wrestling, which is a branch which requires strength, endurance, speed, calmness, concentration and self confidence. The sample of the study consisted of 117 athletes who have participated to the Turkey Junior Female Wrestling Championship (aged 15-17 years) that was organized in Aydin in 2017. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PUKI) was used to determine the last 1-month sleep quality of female wrestlers (α=0.77). The Turkish validity and reliability study was reported by Agargun and his friends (1996) as internal consistency coefficient of 0.80. Nutritional habits of female wrestlers were determined using the Nutrition Habits Questionnaire (BAA), consisting of 3 sections and 21 questions. It was found that there was a significant difference between the junior female wrestlers who pay attention to the liquid intake of pre-training and pre-competition and those who did not pay attention to the attentive athletes and this difference is favored by the athletes who pay attention (p<0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference between the athletes in terms of sleep quality (p<0.05), according to the time of the training and the refreshment meal before the competition and the meal after the training-competition. It was seen that the sleep quality of the female wrestlers who were eating 1-2 hours before the training and competitions and who were eating the protein after the training and competitions were better. In the results obtained, in junior female wrestlers (aged 15-17 years) was reached the result that the eating habit affects the sleep quality and the regular nutrition increases the sleep quality. For this reason, the coaches of the athletes in the junior female category should often warn to regularly feed their athletes. Having dietitians in the bodies of the clubs struggling in the category of junior female may be appropriate in terms of bringing regular sports nutrition to athletes. Thus, it is thought that the athletes may have improved sleep quality and increased performance due to regular eating habits.
Keywords: Nutrition, Sleep Quality, Wrestling
Halil Tanir, Erkan Cetinkaya, Mehmet Ozdemir, Ibrahim Bozkurt. The effect of nutrition on sleep qualıty in junior female (aged 15-17) wrestlers. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 166-172.
The effects of regular physical activity on motor development
The aim of this study that lasted for 12 weeks in primary school children aged 7-10 years is to examine the effects of game-based movement education studies on motor development. 128 volunteer children (male n = 72, female n = 56) participated in the study which was conducted in a special etude center in Istanbul after taking written consent from their parents. Preliminary measurement data has been formed by measuring children’s age, height, weight, claw strength, flexibility, balance skills, vertical jump skills, quickness, and speed parameters. The children who brought written consent from their parents to take part in physical activities formed the experimental group (n=67, male 38, female 29); the others who would not take part in the physical activities due to various reasons formed control group (n=61; male 34, female 27). Various activities including game-based movement studies which would develop flexibility, quickness, coordination, speed, aerobic endurance, and strength have been applied to the participants for 12-week with 30-minutes 5 days in a week program in the special etude center’s playground. In the last week of the movement education, last measurement data has been formed by re-measuring the parameters taken in preliminary measurement. The obtained data have been analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test and matched sample t-test by using SPSS 20.0 program. As a result of the analyzes done, it was found that the physical activities that were performed during the twelve weeks had more positive effects on many parameters in the experimental group than the children in the control group, between 7 and 10 years, and this situation was determined to express difference in the level of p<,05 and p <,01. As a result, in this direction, it is stated that game-based movement education studies that lasted for 12-weeks have a positive effect on 7-10 years old children. It would be a crucial application for doing studies which would increase physical activity habits in this age group’s alma mater in the name of raising healthy generations.
Keywords: Game, Child, Movement Education, Physical Activity, Motor Development
Ozlem Kirandi, Mustafa Sahin. The effects of regular physical activity on motor development. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 173-182.
Examination of the relationship between the agility skill and fatigue levels of soccer players through illinois and 5-0-5 agility test
In this study, it is aimed to examine the agility skills of football players in case of fatigue. 12 male amateur trained soccer players (age=23.33±1.83 years; experience= 12.00±2.00 years) were voluntarily participated in this research. The Illinois Agility Test and 5-0-5 Agility Test, which are often used in the measurement of the agility skills, were first performed by the players without any physical strain (pre-test). The agility tests (post-test) were immediately performed after the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test 1 (YYIRT1), which caused fatigue in the players, was performed by the player. The resting, maximal, pre- and post-test heart rate frequencies of the players were recorded via a heart rate monitor (Polar RS800CX, Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland). Pearson correlation analysis and difference test (Paired-Sample t test) were used for pre-test and post-test agility test scores and heart rate values which showed normal distribution by normality test (Shapiro-Wilk.) and the results were evaluated at the level of significance 0.05. It was determined that the maximal heart rate was 90.13 ± 1.49% after YYIRT1 test. The pre-test and post-test scores of the Illinois and 5-0-5 agility tests showed a significant positive correlation between intra- and intergroup groups (p<0,05). While it was found that there was statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-test scores of 5-0-5 agility test (t=-3.74; p<0,01) in favour of the pre-test, it was found that there was no significant difference between the pre- and post-test scores of the values of the Illinois post-test (t= -0.147; p>0.05). Although significant relationship between the two tests confirms that these tests can be used to measure agility skill based on the findings of the study, it can be inferred that these tests measure the different properties of the agility skill because of different effects of fatigue on these agility tests.
Keywords: Soccer, 505 Test, Illinois Test, Agility, Fatigue
Olcay Mulazimoglu, Yakup Akif Afyon, Bahtiyar Agin. Examination of the relationship between the agility skill and fatigue levels of soccer players through illinois and 5-0-5 agility test. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 183-190.
Can athletic performance tests in female soccer players be a criteria in being elected in national team?
The aim of this study is to reveal Turkey Soccer Federation (TFF) Women League 1 club team athletes’ physical performance differences between athletes who have played in A team and stayed in national level. A total of 18 athletes who competed in the women's soccer league, whose ages between 18-30, (National team sportsman n = 8; n = 10) participated. The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YOY IRT1) endurance tests, the players' age, height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), standing long jump with double and one foot and 5-10-30m speed test were conducted. The measurements were carried out at the 17th week of the competition. The statistical analysis of the study was made by using the SPSS 21.0 packaged program, and the Mann Whitney U test was applied to the comparison of the soccer players elected and not elected. The statistical significance level was accepted as 0,05. When soccer players’ performance tests were compared according to being elected or not elected to the national team, no statistically significant difference was found (p>0,05). As a result, Turkey's athletic performance status in women's soccer at the elite level, can be said to be similar in elected and not elected athletes to the national team.
Keywords: Women, Soccer, Speed, Explosive Strength, Endurance, Athletic Performance
Mustafa Sahin. Can athletic performance tests in female soccer players be a criteria in being elected in national team?. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 3(6)2017, 191-198.