Obsessive-compulsive behavior in elementary aged children
This paper focuses primarily on Obsessive Compulsive Behavior (OCD) among elementary school children. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of OCD on children below the age of ten years and establish how these effects may impact their lives both in childhood and adulthood. The paper starts by focusing on a definition of the condition with the aim of differentiating it from other related mental health issues. Following the definition in the introduction, the paper analyses the signs and symptoms associated with OCD. This segment is followed by the impacts of the condition on elementary school children and the conclusive remarks focus on steps that can be taken to improve the school environment for children with OCD aged below ten years.
Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Behavior, compulsion, perfectionism
Ida Webb. Obsessive-compulsive behavior in elementary aged children. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 7(4)2021, 5-13.
History learning in junior high schools with utilization of the surrounding environment
In the scope of history learning, an approach is needed that strengthens students' understanding of historical values. There are so many values and benefits that can be gained from the environment as a source of learning in education, even almost all the themes of activities can be learned from the environment. However, it is necessary to have creativity and an innovative spirit from teachers to be able to take advantage of the environment as a learning resource. The environment is a rich and attractive learning resource for students. Any environment can be a fun place for students. If during class the students are introduced by the teacher about fossils, by utilizing the environment students will be able to gain more experience. In utilizing this environment, the teacher can bring activities that are usually carried out in the classroom into the open, in this case the environment. However, if the teacher tells the story in the classroom, the nuances that occur in the classroom will not be as natural as if the teacher invited students to take advantage of the environment.
Keywords: history learning, environment, teacher, student, junior high school
Venita Angraeny, Yetrie Ludang, Andi Bustan, Joni Bungai, Firlianty, Herianto. History learning in junior high schools with utilization of the surrounding environment. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 7(4)2021, 14-25.
A research on the physical education and sports teachers’ leisure attitude level: Adana sample
The aim of this study is to investigate the leisure time attitude levels of physical education and sports teachers working in Adana Province. The quantitative research design, one of the research designs, was used in the study. The universe of the study consists of physical education and sports teachers working in Adana. The sample of the study consists of 58 male 42 female 100 physical education and sports teachers who teach physical education and sports in the Adana region. Personal information form developed by the researcher, and “Leisure Attitude Scale” adapted into Turkish by Akgul and Gurbuz (2011) were used for data collection. In analyzing the data, Mann-Whitney U Test at 0.05 significance level, Kruskal Wallis Test, the Correlation at 0.01 significance level, and Regression analysis at 0.05 significance level were used. As a result of the study, it was determined that individuals who work as physical education and sports teachers in Adana Province have high leisure time attitudes. There is no difference in leisure time attitude levels according to gender, age groups, duration of teaching, the institution where they work, and the activities that individuals do outside of working hours. As mentioned in the attitude definitions, it can be said that especially gender and age variables do not constitute an obstacle to the formation of leisure time attitudes. As the lesson hours of the individuals' increase, their leisure behavioral attitude levels also increase. There is a strong positive relationship between the leisure attitude levels of physical education and sports teachers and their cognitive, affective, and behavioral attitude levels. The behavioral leisure attitude levels of physical education and sports teachers are effective at the level of 28.04% on the leisure time attitude levels. Therefore, by using the “mental contradiction theory”, the tendency of physical education and sports teachers to behave in a certain direction regarding the concept of leisure time may differ when the positive-negative attitude towards the concept of leisure time changes. Thus, levels of leisure time attitudes can be raised higher.
Keywords: Leisure Time, Attitude, Physical Education and Sports Teacher
Abdurrahman Kepoglu, Mihriay Musa, Mehmet Bayansalduz, Senol Yanar, Ömercan Demirtas. A research on the physical education and sports teachers’ leisure attitude level: Adana sample. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 7(4)2021, 26-40.
An investigation of the empathy levels of team athletes during the competition in terms of certain variables
The aim of the study is to investigate the empathy levels of team athletes during the competition in terms of some variables. In the study, the “empathy in sports environment” scale developed by Erkus and Yakupoglu (2011) was used to determine the empathy levels of team athletes during the competition. The universe of the research consists of the athletes attending the Faculty of Sport Sciences of Usak University in the 2020-21 academic year. The sample, on the other hand, consisted of 243 team athletes. In the study, it was determined that the empathy levels of the team athletes were at a good level. Again, according to various variables, a difference was found between general empathy, cognitive empathy, and emotional empathy levels. For the trainers to communicate more effectively with their athletes, it has been suggested to use creative drama techniques in their in-service training that they will participate with their athletes.
Keywords: Sports, Coach, Team Sports, Empathy, Communication
Mihriay Musa, Mehmet Bayansalduz, Abdurrahman Kepoglu, Senol Yanar, Yener Sunal. An investigation of the empathy levels of team athletes during the competition in terms of certain variables. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 7(4)2021, 41-60.
Child protection scale in sports for coaches
This study aims to develop the “Child Protection Scale in Sports (CPSS)”, which determines the knowledge level of trainers about the protection of child athletes. The sample of the study consisted of 225 trainers working in different sports branches in sports clubs in various regions of Turkey. To determine the child protection knowledge level of the trainers, the CPSS consisting of thirty-two (32) items was created. The CPSS was prepared by taking the opinions of the experts on the subject. First of all, when the results of the item analysis of the CPSS were examined, it was decided to remove these items from the CPSS because the 23rd, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 30th, 31st, and 32nd items had a value below 0.30. When the item-total correlation values related to the CPSS were examined, it was decided to remove items 30 and 31 from the CPSS, since items 30 and 31 were not statistically significant. According to this result, after item extraction, the item-total correlation values of 24 items in the CPSS were found to be between 0.871 and 0.286. When the item scores were examined, it was determined that there was consistency between the items and that all items were statistically significant at the 99% confidence level (p<0.01). To ensure the structural validity of the CPSS and to obtain a functional dimensioning by determining the factor loads of the items in the CPSS (Buyukozturk, 2011), exploratory factor analysis was performed with principal component analysis and varimax axis rotation method (Gurbuz & Sahin, 2018). Before factor analysis, the suitability of the data for factor analysis was analyzed with Kaiser Mayer Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett sphericity tests. The KMO value for the CPSS, which consists of 24 items, was 0.777; and the Bartlett test result was χ2= 2045, 086; P=0.000 (p<0.01). If the KMO is higher than 0.60 and the Barlett test is significant (p<0.01), it indicates that the sample size is suitable for factor analysis. According to the data obtained from the factor analysis, three factors with an eigenvalue above 1.00 explain 70,589% of the variance in CPSS scores. To decide how many factors the CPSS will consist of, the scree plot was examined. After the evaluation of the scree plot, it was decided to have 3 (three) subscales of the CPSS. According to the second-factor analysis performed after the factor number was determined, the 2nd item, which is the overlapping item, in which the difference between the two factors in terms of factor load value was less than 0.10, was removed from the CPSS. After the items that did not meet these values were removed from the analysis, factor analysis was performed for the third time. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, item factor loads varied between 0.952 and 0.539. The 23-item CPSS was gathered under 3 factors and it was determined that these 3 factors explained 70,589% of the total variance. Cronbach Alpha value was used to calculate the internal consistency reliability of the factors. Since the Cronbach's Alpha value is over 0.70, it can be said that the internal consistency reliability between the items of the CPSS is quite high. To validate the model, real study data were created by collecting data from the participants again. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis performed on 225 samples, it was not necessary to remove any item from the scale since there was no item with standardized load values below 0.30. While performing the confirmatory factor analysis of the CPSS, the sub-dimensions of the scale were named as factor1= Physical and Sexual Abuse in Sports, factor2=Taking Precautions for Physical and Sexual Abuse in Sports, factor3= Presence of Child Protection Program in Sports. It was determined that the amount of relationship between factor1 and factor2 sub-dimensions was 6.49, 7.80 between factor2 and factor3, and 13.09 between factor1 and factor3, and these relationships were statistically significant at 99% confidence level (p< 0.01). It can be said that the covariance matrix (Comparative Fit Index - CFI) value estimated by the model, which was found to be 0.93 in the research findings, showed a good fit. It was determined that the 27% lower and upper slice values used in the decision of the discrimination of the items related to CPSS were statistically significant at the 99% confidence level for all items (p<0.01). Again, in the research findings, the normed fit index (NFI) value of our model was obtained as 0.91, and it can be said that this value shows a good fit. In addition, the value of the non-normed fit index (NNFI) was found to be 0.93 in the research findings, which indicates a good fit.
As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, the items confirmed the relevant factors at 99% confidence level (p<0.01; p=0.000) and the fit indices were among the good fit values; and the fit of the model was found to be at an acceptable fit value (X2/df=784, 67/223≤5)
Considering these results, it can be said that the model of the CPSS is an acceptable and usable scale.
Keywords: Child Protection Scale in Sports (CPSS), knowledge level, sports, coaches
Mehmet Bayansalduz, Abdurrahman Kepoglu, Sabri Can Metin. Child protection scale in sports for coaches. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 7(4)2021, 61-79.
Comparison of athletes' and sedanters' levels of psychological strength, self-respect, optimism, and focus of control
In this study, it was aimed to compare the levels of psychological stability, selfesteem, optimism and control of athletes and sedentaries. However, age, gender, education, income level, team members and individual sports were evaluated. The universe of your research consists of sportsmen and sedentary individuals. The sample is those who agree to participate in working as a total of 400 volunteers, including 200 athletes and 200 sedanters selected by random sampling method among athletes and sedentary individuals. A total of 400 volunteers and healthy individuals participated in the study. In the research, "Self-Esteem Scale", "Life Orientation Scale", "Internal-External Control Scale", "Psychological Scale", "Self-Esteem Scale" The "Personal Information Form" prepared by the researcher was used in order to reach some personal information of the participants. "Selfesteem Scale" was developed by Morris Rosenberg in 1963 and reliability and validity studies were conducted by Çuhadaroğlu (1986). The Life "Orientation Scale" was developed by Scheier and Carver (1985). The "Rotter Internal-External Control Locus Scale" was developed by Rotter (1966) and adapted to Turkish by Dağ (1991). "Psychological Robustness (Non-Illness Scale)" was developed by Gürgan (2006) and validity and reliability studies were conducted. It is explained in detail how the scale and forms must be filled in by the researcher himself before the scales and forms are applied individually. Missing filled-in measuring instruments have not been evaluated. The obtained data was recorded with the IBM SPSS 22 package program. Expert assistance was obtained for the statistical analysis of the data. The part of the research related to personal information is organized by descriptive statistical tables. Pearson corelation analysis was used to identify the relationships between the selfesteem, optimism, control orientation, and psychological well-being of the individuals participating in the study. T-test analysis was used to test whether there were significant differences between participating athletes and sedentary individuals. In addition, ANOVA was used to test whether there were significant differences in the self-esteem, optimism, control orientation, and psychological well-being of the subjects participating in the study in terms of demographic data. VIII According to the results of the research, a significant positive correlation was found between the self-esteem and the self-esteem of the athletes participating in the research, selfesteem with optimism, feeling of control with the sense of psychological robustness, selfesteem with psychological robustness, feeling of psychological robustness and optimism. On the other hand, there was no relationship between the optimism sensation of the athletes participating in the survey and the control emotion. A significant difference was found in favor of team athletes in terms of self esteem, optimism and psychological robustness of team athletes participating in the survey (p 0,05). As a result, psychological robustness, self-esteem, control focus and optimism levels are higher than those of athletes and sedentary individuals.
Keywords: Sportsman, Sedanter, Respect for Self, Psychological Robustness, Controlling
Emrah Özdemir, Mehmet Bayansalduz. Comparison of athletes' and sedanters' levels of psychological strength, self-respect, optimism, and focus of control. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 7(4)2021, 80-100.
Development of blog-based learning, a case study for junior high school students in Lamandau district, Central Kalimantan
One form of a new paradigm in the education system is e-learning. The blog-based learning system is a form of implementation that utilizes technology that is not limited by space and time. The learning system by utilizing technology is considered an effective tool and is able to create independence for students in learning activities. Making blog-based teaching materials must be able to make students learn independently and gain knowledge in the learning process through interesting examples and illustrations in order to support the presentation of learning material. In addition, it has the possibility for students to provide feedback or measure their mastery. Furthermore, the material presented is related to the atmosphere or context of the task and the student's environment. It is important that the language used is quite simple because students only deal with teaching materials when studying independently.
Keywords: Blog, e-learning, teaching materials, student independence
Noriman, Agus Haryono, Misrita. Development of blog-based learning, a case study for junior high school students in Lamandau district, Central Kalimantan. Acta Scientiae et Intellectus, 7(4)2021, 101-109.